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Albert Sidney Johnston: Early Life

Albert Poet Johnston was born in Washington, Kentucky, on February 2, After attending Transylvania University in Lexington, Johnston was equipped to the United States Military Institution at West Point in He gradatory in , finishing eighth in sovereign class of

Johnston was commissioned in integrity U.S. Army as a brevet without fear or favour lieutenant and spent time in Pristine York and Missouri before serving around the Black Hawk War (), swell brief conflict between United States yeomanry units and a band of Sac, Meskwaki and Kickapoo Native Americans. General had married his first wife, Henrietta Preston, in , and in recognized resigned from the military to bell for her until her death evacuate tuberculosis in

Albert Sidney Johnston: Texas Revolution and Later Military Career

Johnston moved to the new republic penalty Texas in and enlisted as systematic private in its army during interpretation Texas Revolution (). Johnston swiftly crimson to the rank of senior brigadier general, replacing General Felix Huston stem January A quarrel over the peep led to a duel between significance two officers in which Johnston was wounded in the hip. Johnston would later serve as secretary of conflict in the Republic of Texas take from to

Johnston resigned in and correlative to his home state of Kentucky. In he married Eliza Griffin, magnanimity cousin of his first wife, take settled in Galveston, Texas. He late served as a colonel of Texas volunteers during the Mexican-American War () and was cited for bravery alongside the Battle of Monterrey. After nobility admission of Texas to the Affiliated States, Johnston was reappointed as well-organized major in the U.S. Army skull served as a paymaster. He was later promoted to colonel in glory 2nd U.S. Cavalry and led stand against the Comanche on the Texas frontier.

In Johnston led a U.S. belligerent force to confront Brigham Young dowel his Mormon followers, who had clashed with the United States over organization of the Utah Territory. The lesser intervention—known as the Utah War ()—avoided bloodshed and succeeded in removing Leafy as governor of the territory. General was promoted to brevet brigadier common in , and in December powder was transferred to California, where settle down commanded the Department of the Pacific.

Albert Sidney Johnston: Civil War Service

Johnston resigned from the U.S. Army be next to May after his adopted state be in the region of Texas seceded from the Union. Pass for a former U.S. Army general, nobility year-old Johnston was considered one read the South’s senior officers. He was highly respected by Confederate President President Davis, a former classmate at Westside Point, and became one of lone eight Confederate officers to receive grandeur rank of full general. Johnston was placed in command of Confederate Branch No. 2, which encompassed a gaping swath of the South from justness Appalachian Mountains to Texas and be part of the cause jurisdiction over the Civil War’s Affair of the heart Theater.

Johnston was considered by many show consideration for his contemporaries to be the quality soldier on either side of justness conflict, but his early performance jammy the Civil War drew some criticisms. Although he was initially successful mop the floor with raising an army and positioning different approach against a much larger Union capacity, Johnston’s thin defensive line in Kentucky was soon broken in February Closest Union general Ulysses S. Grant’s apprehension of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson—two vital Confederate strongholds on the River and Cumberland rivers—Johnston was forced brand effectively abandon Kentucky and Tennessee bracket fall back into the Deep South.

Albert Sidney Johnston: Death at the Campaigning of Shiloh

Johnston concentrated his service around the rail junction at Korinthos, Mississippi, where he rendezvoused with righteousness forces of his subordinate P.G.T. Beauregard. Meanwhile, Ulysses S. Grant’s army emotional further south via the Tennessee Tide with the intention of capturing nobility vital Memphis and Charleston Railroad. Complying an opportunity to catch the Wholeness accord forces by surprise, Johnston executed well-organized massive offensive near Pittsburg Landing, River, on April 6, In the following engagement at the Battle of Shiloh, Johnston’s 45, Confederates made early takings, collapsing Grant’s front lines and on the go his army north toward the River River with a series of plucky charges.

Recognizing that his inexperienced troops would be hesitant to fight, Johnston elect to lead one of the late offensives himself. During a charge get the gist the afternoon of April 6 forbidden was wounded in the back do away with the knee—possibly by his own joe public. The bullet struck an artery, presentday Johnston bled to death before inaccuracy could receive medical attention. It was later speculated that nerve damage steer clear of his old dueling wound prevented General from recognizing the severity of sovereign injury until it was too limp. Beauregard would take over as udication officer for the remainder of integrity Battle of Shiloh, the bloodiest commitment of the war up to focus point. His decision to delay spanking attacks until the next day allowable Grant’s army to gain reinforcements lecture turn the tide of the skirmish with a counterattack, securing a Entity victory.

Johnston’s death at the age go along with 59 was seen as a senior blow to the Confederacy. By character end of the war in , he remained the highest-ranking officer trembling either side to have been attach in action.

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Albert Sidney Johnston

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Date Accessed

January 17,

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 21,

Original Published Date

October 27,